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Difference Between Humic Acid and Fulvic Acid

Humic acid and fulvic acid are the two main components of soil humus. They have some significant differences in chemical properties, sources, structures and functions. Here are their main differences: 1. Source and composition Humic Acid: Source: Humic acid mainly comes from the decomposition and decay process of soil organic matter (such as animal and plant residues). Composition: Humic acid is a complex macromolecule composed of a variety of organic compounds, including aromatic and fatty structures, as well as a large number of functional groups such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, phenol groups, etc. Fulvic Acid: Source: Similar to humic acid, fulvic acid is also a product of the decomposition of soil organic matter, but compared to humic acid, fulvic acid is a product with a higher degree of decomposition. Composition: Fulvic acid has a smaller molecular weight, simpler structure, contains more functional groups such as carboxyl and hydroxyl groups, and has stronger solubility and mobility than humic acid. 2. Solubility Humic acid: Limitedly soluble in water, but soluble under alkaline conditions (such as sodium hydroxide solution). Fulvic acid: has good solubility in water, weak acid and alkaline solutions. 3. Molecular weight and structure Humic acid: higher molecular weight, complex structure, more...

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How to Improve the Adsorption Efficiency of Coconut Shell Activated Carbon?

Coconut shell activated carbon is widely used in various fields due to its high porosity and adsorption capacity, especially in the fields of pharmaceuticals, food and water treatment. There are many factors that affect the adsorption efficiency of coconut shell activated carbon, mainly including the following aspects: 1. Physical and chemical properties of activated carbon Pore size distribution: Pore size and distribution directly affect the adsorption capacity. Micropores are more suitable for adsorption of small molecules, while mesopores and macropores are suitable for adsorption of large molecules. Specific surface area: High specific surface area usually means higher adsorption capacity. Surface chemical properties: The type and number of surface functional groups affect the selectivity and efficiency of adsorption. 2. Properties of adsorbates (adsorbed substances) Molecular size and shape: Adsorbates with smaller molecular diameters are more likely to enter the micropores of activated carbon. Polarity: Non-polar or low-polar compounds are generally more easily adsorbed by activated carbon. Solubility: When the adsorbate has a low solubility in water, it is more likely to be adsorbed on activated carbon. Concentration: The higher the initial concentration of the adsorbate in the solution, the greater the adsorption rate and capacity. 3.Operating conditions Temperature: Adsorption is an...

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What is the Working Principle of Petroleum Catalysts?

Petroleum catalysts have a wide range of applications, including but not limited to cracking, reforming, hydrogenation, desulfurization and other processes, aiming to improve product quality, purify fuels or reduce environmental pollution. For example, HD-04 resin hydrogenation catalyst can produce highly stable water-white petroleum resins, while Fenton-like homogeneous catalysts are suitable for specific chemical reactions under lower temperature and pressure conditions due to fewer side reactions and easy control. In addition, OA-1 synthetic ethylamine catalyst can produce monoethylamine, diethylamine and triethylamine, while OA-2 synthetic isopropylamine catalyst is used in industry for its stable performance and high conversion rate. Principle of Petroleum Catalysts The mechanism of action of petroleum catalysts is to adsorb reactants through the catalyst surface and cause them to react chemically. The active centers on the catalyst surface can absorb the electrons of the reactants and be activated. The activation of the catalyst surface centers changes the electronic properties between the reactants, thereby reducing the activation energy of the reaction and promoting the chemical reaction. ‌Petroleum catalysts‌ play a vital role in the petroleum processing process. They promote and accelerate chemical reactions through their surface active sites and specific reaction mechanisms, thereby changing the structure and properties of the...

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Do You Know the Function of Humic Acid?

The application of humic acid fertilizers can enhance the activity of enzymes in soil and plants, regulate the physiological and metabolic functions of crops, and enhance the adaptability of crops to adverse environmental conditions. The comprehensive effect of humic acid 1. Humic acid is an organic colloidal substance with the function of absorbing and storing water. Humic acid has a large cation exchange capacity and strong adsorption buffering and chelating capabilities. It can improve the utilization rate of nutrients in the soil and buffer acid and alkali hazards. Humic acid is an organic macromolecular colloid with strong water absorption and water storage functions. The water absorption rate of clay particles is generally 50%-60%, while the water absorption rate of humic acid substances can reach 500%-600%. Therefore, using humic acid Acid fertilizers help improve soil moisture conditions. 2. Humic acid can improve soil structure: What determines soil fertility is the organic-inorganic complex. Inorganic mineral colloids generally contain more than 95% of the soil, which has a certain impact on soil basic fertilizers and cannot be changed by artificial measures. Organic colloids are humic acid substances, which are generally It only accounts for about 5% of the organic-inorganic complex, but it plays...

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Application Areas of Powder Activated Carbon

Powdered activated carbon is made of high-quality wood chips, coconut shells, and coal as raw materials, and is processed through a series of production processes. Powder activated carbon has the advantages of fast filtration speed, good adsorption performance, strong decolorization and deodorization ability, economical and durable, etc. The products are widely used in food, beverage, medicine, tap water, sugar, oil and other industries, and in brewing, sewage treatment, power plants, electroplating, etc. Field applications are also relatively common.   Application Areas of Powder Activated Carbon: 1. Activated carbon for beverages   It is made from sawdust as raw material and refined using phosphoric acid production process. It has the characteristics of developed mesoporous structure, large adsorption capacity and rapid filtration. It is mainly suitable for the purification treatment of various cola, juice, alcohol and other beverages as well as drinking water. 2. Activated carbon for water treatment   Powdered activated carbon is widely used in the fields of tap water treatment and sewage treatment due to its excellent void structure and strong adsorption and decolorization ability. 3. Activated carbon for food and food additives   It is made of sawdust as raw material and refined using the phosphoric acid production...

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Difference Between Impregnated Activated Carbon and Ordinary Activated Carbon

Impregnated activated carbon is made from granular/cylindrical/powdered activated carbon with high adsorption performance, impregnated with alkaline solutions such as potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide, and then refined by high-temperature drying. This kind of activated carbon is widely used to remove organic gases and vapors from air or other gas streams, such as hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, etc. Impregnated activated carbon has a large specific surface area and suitable pore structure, can withstand high temperature and high pressure, is not easily broken, is easy to regenerate, and has a long service life. It not only performs well in liquid phase adsorption and air purification, but also plays an important role in the purification, separation and refining of chemical raw material gases, pharmaceutical industry gases, carbon dioxide gas for beverages, hydrogen, chlorine and other gases. In addition, impregnated activated carbon is also widely used in fields such as hydrogen sulfide gas removal and oxidation gas adsorption in PTA devices. Compared with ordinary activated carbon, impregnated activated carbon has significant differences in terms of material, production process, scope of use and performance. Impregnated activated carbon is obtained by special impregnation treatment of ordinary activated carbon. Its raw materials are the same as ordinary...

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